Man-in-the-Middle Attack (MitM)
A cyberattack where an attacker intercepts and alters communications between parties.
Understanding Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
MitM attacks exploit weaknesses in network security, allowing attackers to eavesdrop, intercept, and modify data exchanges. This can occur in wired or wireless networks, often targeting public Wi-Fi connections, unsecured websites, or vulnerable encryption protocols.
Types of Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Packet Sniffing
Attackers capture unencrypted network traffic using tools like Wireshark.
Common in open Wi-Fi networks without encryption.
Session Hijacking
Attacker steals a user’s session token to gain unauthorized access to a web application.
Often used to take over online banking or email accounts.
SSL Stripping
Downgrades HTTPS connections to HTTP, exposing data to interception.
Exploits users who are unaware of missing encryption.
DNS Spoofing
Redirects users to fraudulent websites by altering DNS responses.
Often used for phishing attacks.
ARP Spoofing
Manipulates the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table to redirect traffic through the attacker’s device.
Often used within local networks to intercept communications.
Wi-Fi Eavesdropping
Attackers set up rogue Wi-Fi hotspots to lure victims into connecting.
Users unknowingly transmit sensitive data through the attacker-controlled network.
Challenges and Considerations
Detection Complexity – Skilled attackers can disguise their presence effectively.
User Awareness – Many users fall victim to MitM attacks due to lack of knowledge.
Encryption Limitations – Some services still use outdated or weak encryption methods.
Man-in-the-Middle attacks remain a significant cybersecurity risk, requiring robust encryption, secure network practices, and user awareness to prevent data interception and manipulation.