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Token-Based Authentication

A method where users authenticate using tokens instead of passwords.

Understanding Token-Based Authentication


Token-Based Authentication is a security mechanism that verifies user identities by issuing cryptographic tokens instead of relying solely on traditional password-based authentication. It is widely used in web applications, APIs, and cloud services to enhance security and user experience.

How Token-Based Authentication Works


  1. User Authentication – The user enters credentials (e.g., username and password).

  2. Token Issuance – Upon successful authentication, the server generates a token (e.g., JWT, OAuth token).

  3. Token Storage – The token is stored on the client-side (browser storage, mobile device, etc.).

  4. Access Validation – For each request, the client includes the token in the HTTP headers.

  5. Token Verification – The server verifies the token’s validity before granting access.

  6. Token Expiry & Renewal – Tokens have expiration times and may require refresh tokens for re-authentication.

Types of Tokens


  • JSON Web Token (JWT)

    • A compact and self-contained token format that includes user claims and signature verification.

    • Commonly used in web applications and APIs.

  • OAuth Access Tokens

    • Used in OAuth 2.0 authentication protocols to grant access to protected resources.

    • Commonly used in Single Sign-On (SSO) and third-party integrations.

  • Refresh Tokens

    • Allows users to obtain new access tokens without re-entering credentials.

    • Enhances user experience by extending session durations.

  • Session Tokens

    • Temporary tokens generated for a specific session duration.

    • Used in web applications for managing logged-in user sessions.

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