URL Redirection Attack

An attack where users are redirected to a malicious site without their knowledge.

Understanding URL Redirection Attack

A URL Redirection Attack occurs when an attacker manipulates a legitimate website’s URL to redirect users to a malicious or fraudulent site. These attacks are often used in phishing campaigns, malware distribution, and credential theft. Attackers exploit insecure URL parameters, open redirect vulnerabilities, or compromised links to trick users into visiting dangerous websites.

Common Techniques Used in URL Redirection Attacks

Open Redirect Vulnerabilities – Exploiting web applications that accept unvalidated redirect URLs.
Meta Refresh Redirects – Injecting <meta http-equiv="refresh"> tags in compromised webpages.
JavaScript Redirection – Using window.location.href to force redirects.
Malicious QR Codes – Embedding redirect URLs in QR codes to trick mobile users.
HTTP 302 Hijacking – Intercepting requests and replacing them with attacker-controlled redirects.

How to Prevent URL Redirection Attacks

Validate and Sanitize Redirect URLs

Ensure web applications only allow predefined safe URLs for redirection.
Implement allowlists instead of accepting arbitrary URLs.

Use Security Headers

Enforce Content Security Policy (CSP) and Referrer-Policy headers to restrict redirects.

Avoid Open Redirects

If redirects are necessary, use signed tokens to validate redirection requests.

Educate Users

Train users to hover over links before clicking and recognize phishing attempts.

Monitor and Log Redirect Activity

Use Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tools to detect unusual redirect patterns.

Implement Anti-Phishing Measures

Deploy browser-based phishing protection and email filtering solutions to block malicious links.